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Practice Questions – Foundations of Clinical Immunology
Answer each question from memory first, aloud or on paper. Then rewatch Foundations of Clinical Immunology to check yourself.
- List the four types of hypersensitivity reactions and state the principal immune component involved in each.
- Describe the sequence of events that leads to anaphylaxis in a Type I hypersensitivity reaction.
- Explain how Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) operates in Type II hypersensitivity and give one clinical example.
- What are immune complexes, and how do they cause tissue injury in Type III hypersensitivity?
- Distinguish between organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases; give one example of each and the primary immune mechanism driving it.
- Outline two genetic and two environmental triggers that can break self-tolerance and initiate autoimmunity.
- Compare primary and secondary immunodeficiencies: define each and name one representative condition.
- Describe hyper-acute rejection: what pre-existing immune factor causes it, and how is it prevented clinically?
- Explain two ways tumours evade immune detection and how checkpoint inhibitor therapy counteracts one of them.
- Define oncolytic viral therapy and CAR-T cell therapy, and explain how each harnesses the immune system to target cancer.